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The field of civil engineering is quite broad and encompasses a variety of interrelated disciplines: structural engineering, environmental engineering, hydraulics, transportation, water resources, geotechnical engineering, construction, and surveying.

Civil engineering originated as a field involved with civil works—the planning, design, construction, and operation of facilities that serve the general population. Today the field is still largely centered in the public arena, and is a profession dedicated to the needs and progress of humankind. Civil engineers design and construct facilities that we use every day—roadways, drinking water treatment plants, tunnels, subways, buildings, solid waste landfills, bridges, wastewater treatment plants, canals and waterways, water supply pipe networks, railroads, dams and reservoirs, and even ski lifts and amusement rides. They analyze and solve problems of water, land, and air pollution and oversee the operation of water supply, pollution control, and hazardous waste control facilities.

Civil engineers participate in city planning and in planning the uses of natural systems, river basins, and other public areas. They perform reliability and economic feasibility studies to ensure safe and economically efficient outcomes. Using satellite images and global positioning systems, they survey and monitor the environment and assist in overall resource planning and management.